Can a bailiff seize an apartment taken in a mortgage, or a car that is pledged to the bank?

Answer: Yeah.

Mortgages or pledges do not prevent property from being seized and foreclosed. When the foreclosure is in favor of the pledgeholder, the pledged object is sold first - regardless of whether the debtor has other assets. The proceeds from the sale of the subject of pledge, first go to reimbursement of costs for bidding, and only then from them the claims of the pledgeholder are covered. The requirement of Article 446 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation on the protection of the only housing does not prevent the recovery of an apartment, if it is the subject of a mortgage, and the recovery itself is conditional on the obligation that it provides.